Fastener



May 15, 1928.

F. s. CARR FASTENER Filed June 14, 1924 I nvenior:

' Eedffiarr Patented May 15, 1928.

UNITED STA TBS rnnn s; cane,

A ENT )FFICE.

runner cinnamon, MASSACHUSETTS, A oonronarron on Martin FASTENER.

Application filed June 14,

This invention aims to provide an improved fastener.

In the drawings, which show one illustrative embodiment. of my invention Figure 1 is a front elevation of apreferred form of fastening device;

Fi 2 is a section on the line of Fig. 1, b i g Pa t i l t o Fig. 3 is a rear elevation 9f the stud; Fig. 4 isa detail plan view of the socketaging part ofthe stud; Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the socket; gig. 6 is a front elevation of the socket; an

Fig. is a section on the line 7-7 of Fi 2. p

great difficulty has been experienced in producing a non-manipulatory fastener of the type wherein the stud is carried by a flexible carrying medium, such as the curtain of a motor car. and the socket is carried by a ri id medium, such for instance as a part of t"e body of the motor car. In the present application, I have disclosed a preferred form of fastener wherein the socket is of the flush type carried by a motor car body,

and the stud is of the resilient type, presenting an expansible and contractible head adapted to enter a stud-receiving aperture in the socket. In these respects my application resembles the disclosure of Fred S. Carr 'in an application Serial No 708,721, filed April 24, 1924. In said applicationya pressbuttom must be pressed to permit with drawal of the stud from the socket. Broadly, I have disclosed in the present application a fastener having a flush type socket, wherein the stud is locked in the socket, butwherein the stud may be withdrawn from the socket when desired without any specific manipulatory movement other than would ordinarily be performed in removing the curtain in the absence of the locking means. In the embodiment disclosed, unlocking and withdrawal of the stud from its socket are both effected by a simple outward strain ,onthe curtain at that side thereof (usually next its edge) which is normally not subjected to any strain. Thus specific manipulation, as of a pressbutton, pull knob or the like, is unnecessary.

Referring to the drawings, and to the detail of the fastener selected for illustrative purposes. I have shown .a contractible and expansible socket-engaging member 1 segagement with a 1924. Serial No. 719,930.

tion of the back plate 5 inwardly upon itself to provide a smooth rounded surface for enrecess 7 in the socket-engaging member 1. Thus the back plate 5 is free to tip relative to the socket-engaging member 1 when it is secured to a socket.

The back plate 5 and socket engaging member 1 are secured to the curtain 2 by a plurality of prongs 9 extending from the periphery of the back plate 5 and passing through the curtain Where they engage the anvil portion 11 of a front plate 12 located at the front side of the curtain 2, as illustrated in Fig. 2. The prongs ,9 are then turned outwardly and downwardly. by the anvil portion 11 until they are clinched against the inturned flange 13, thereby gripping the curtain 2 between the front and back plates. i

\Yithin the socket-engaging member 1, I have provided a lock-engaging finger 19 formed integral with the back plate 5 and extending through a relatively Wide slot 21 .in the upper part of the socket-engaging member 1 and extending toward the open end of the socket-engaging member as best illustrated in Figs. 2 and 3'. This relatively Wide slot 21 1) ismerely a part of one of the slots22 which permit contraction and expansion of the socket-engaging part a 1. Tipping movement of the back plate 5 and front plate 12 relative to the so,cket;engaging member 1 is limited in one direction bythe shoulders 25 (Fig. 4) at the inner of the relatively wide slot 21 and in the opposite direction by an annular shoulder 27 I located adjacent the neck 28 of the socket- -engaging member 1. Thus far the constrnc- .tion of the stud, means for suporting the curing the parts of the stud to the stud carrying curtain 2 havebeen described.

Referring now to the socket, as illustrated in Figs. 2, 5,, 6 and -7, I have provided acasing including a body part 29 and a front socket-engaging part 1 and means for so plate 30 presenting a stucliecei.ving aperture 31. This casing has secured thereto, at its inner end an attaching screw 39 having a polygonal head 11 which engages that p portion 42 (Fig. 5) of the body part 29 of the casing adjacent the inner end, which is also polygonal in cross-section, thereby to prevent relative rotation between the head 41 of the attaching screw and the socket casing. Axial movement of the casing relative to the attaching screw 39 is prevented by providing a plurality of projections 43 which are shaved from the sides of the attaching screw (Figs. 2 and 5) and are clenched against the inner end of the body part 29 of the casing, thereby holding the attaching screw in a fixed relation to the socket casing.

The front plate 30 is secured to the body part 29 of the casing by erimpin a portion of the outer periphery of the ront plate over the flange 15 located at the outer end of the body part 29. Thus a shoulder 46 is formed at the outer end of the casing which has a polygonal periphery (herein shown as hexagonal) over which a socket wrench, or other suitable tool, may (it when the socket is being secured to the body 47 of an automobile.

In Fig. 2 the socket is illustrated as secured to the body 47 of an automobile, the body part 29 of the casing fits into a socket-receiving recess 50 and the shoulder -16 seats against the side of the body l? of the automobile, thereby providing a substantially flush socket.

The stud-receiving aperture 31 is surrounded by an annular wall 51 substantially curved in cross-section to permit ease of engagement and disengagement of the socket-engaging part therewith. This aperture 31 is normally closed by a sealing disc 52 presenting a locking portion 53 retained in aperture-closing position by a spring 54 seated at one end against the head 41 of the attaching screw.

The socket as illustrated and described, is of the flush-type and presents means for locking the socket-engaging member 1 in the stud-receiving aperture 31, thereby to prevent separation of the stud from the socket when locked together, except by displacing the locking means from the stud.

The stud may be engaged with the socket by pressing upon the end of the socketengaging part (Fig. 2) which is exposed at the front side of the curtain 2. This pressure moves the head of the socket-engaging part into engagement with the wall 51 surrounding the stud-receiving aperture, whereby the head contracts and enters the stud-receivingaperture. As the head of the stud enters the aperture 31, it contacts with the locking portion 53 of the sealing disc 52. which because of the contracted condition of the head is excluded from entrance into the socket-engaging member. Further pressure upon the stud moves the sealing disc 52 against the pressure of the spring 54 out of I aperture-closing position and permits the head of the stud to pass through the studreceiving aperture 31, whereby the head expands and the neck of the stud engages the annular wall 51 of the aperture. The sealing disc 52 is then urged by the spring 54 toward the head of the stud and the locking portion 53 enters the socket-engaging member and engages the inwardly turned edges thereof, thereby locking the stud and socket together, as best illustrated in Fig. In this position the locking member bears against the lock'engaging linger 19, thereby maintaining the front plate 12 and back plate 5 in a vertical position relative to the side of the car.

The stud may be separated from the socket by grasping the lower edge of the curtain 2 and exerting a slight pull thereon. This action tips the front plate 12 and the back plate 5 as a unit about the pivot 3, thus moving the locking engaging linger 19 relative to the socket-engaging part, thereby engaging and moving the locking portion 53 of the sealing disc out of engagement with the inturned edges 55, thereby permitting the head of the stud to contract. Further pull upon the curtain tips the socket-engaging part 1 of the stud out of the stud-receiving aperture 31.

From the above description, it will be understood that I have provided an improved three-sideloek separable fastener, which permits the use of a flush type socket on the body of an automobile or the like. The stud is locked against separation by a strain exerted thereupon from above the fastener and toward the body of" the curtain and also at both sides of the stud. while permitting separation of the fastener by a pull at the lower edge of the curtain away from the body of the curtain.

\Vhile I have shown and described a preferred form of one embodiment of my invention, it will be understood that changes involving omission, substitution, alteration and reversal of parts, and even changes in the mode of operation, may be made without departing from the scope of my invention, which is best defined in the following claims.

I claim:

1. A separable fastenercombination, a socket secured to a ri id support and presenting a stud-receiving aperture, a stud secured to a flexible stud carrying medium and presenting a head for engagement in said aperture, axially shiftable locking means forming part 01 the fastener assembly for engagement with said head to lock said stud firmly in engagement with said socket and unlocking means pivoted upon the stud and forming part of the stud assembly, and means operatively connecting said unlocking means with said con'iprising, in

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unlocking position to permit flexible carrying medium so as to be operable lock displacing means being operatively positioned in such relation to said flexible carryin medium as to be operated by an outwar pull exerted upon said carrying medium whereby said locking means is moved into unlocking position to permit contraction of said head and separation of said stud from said socket.

3.-A separable fastener comprising, in combination, a socket presenting a studreceiving aperture, a cooperating stud having a socket-engaging portion, attaching means securing said:socket-engaging portion to a flexible carrying medium, locking means for locking said stud and sockettogether and lock displacing means pivoted upon the stud and operatively connected to said flexiblecarrying medium so as to be operated by an outward pull exerted upon said carrying medium whereby said locking means is moved into unlocking position to permit separation of the fastener, said locking means and said unlocking means comprising parts of the fastener assembly.

4. A separable fastener comprising, in combination, a socket presenting a studreceiving iperture, .a cooperating :stud secured to a exlble stud-carrying fabric, said stud having a contractible and expansible socket-engaging member for engagement with said aperture, a locking member in said socket for locking said socket-engaging member in said aperture, and lock displacing means carried by a part pivot-ally mounted on the stud and forming part of the stud assembly and being operatively positioned in such relation to said flexible carrying medium as to be operated by an outward pull exerted upon said carrying medium whereby said locking member is moved into separation of the fastener.

5. A three-side lock fastener comprising, in combination, a socket presenting a studreceiving aperture, a cooperating stud secured to a flexible stud-carrying fabric, said stud having a contractible and expansible socket-engaging member pivotally mounted upon a back plate located at that side of the attaching means said socket-engaging stud-carrying fabric adjacent the socket, a spring-pressed locking member forming part of the fastener :assemblyvand presented at the aperture in said socket for locking said socket-engaging member therein and a lookengaging finger integral with saidback plate for displacing said locking member when said back plate is tipped above said pivot.

6. A three-side lock fastener comprising, in combination, a. socket presenting a studreceiving aperture, a spring-pressed locking part assembled as a part of said socket and presented at said aperture, acooperating stud presentinga contractible and expansible socket-engaging member adapted to be locked in said aperture by saidlocking part,

securing said socket-- engaging member to a flexible stud-carrying fabric and pivotally mounted on thest-ud and a lock-engaging finger presented by said attaching means, said lock-engaging linger being operatively positioned in such relation to the stud-carrying fabric as to be operated by an outward pull exerted there upon whereby said locking part is moved into unlocking position to permit separation of the stud from the socket.

7. A three-side lock fastener comprising, in combination, a studincluding a plate presenting an aperture therethrough, a contractible and expansible socket-engaging member pivoted 011 the wall surroundin said aperture, a lock-engaging finger extending from saidplate into said socket-engaging member, a cooperating socket presenting a stud-receiving aperturefor reception of said socket-engaging member and a springpressed locking part forming partof the fastener assembly and engageable with said head and said lock-engaging finger to lock said socket-engaging member 111 said aperture,

said lock-engaging finger being operable to displace said locking part from locking engagement with said socket-engaging part when said plate is tipped relative to said socket-engaging member thereby permitting separation of said stud from said socket.

8. A separable fastener comprising, in combination, a socket presenting a stud-receiving aperture, a cooperating stud including a contractible and expansible socketengaging member for engagement with said aperture, a spring-pressed locking member forming part of the fastener assembly for locking said socket-engaging member in said aperture, attaching means assembled with member, and a lock engaging finger integral with said attaching means, said attaching means being tipable relative to said socket-engaging member to displace said locking member prior to separation of said stud from said socket.

9. A separable fastener comprising, in combination, a socket presenting a stud-req ud ceiving aperture, a stud including an attaching plate secured to that side of a studcarrying fabric adjacent said socket, a contractible and expansible socket-engaging member pivotally mounted on said attaching plate and stop means for limiting the pivotal movement of said attaching plate relative to said socket-engaging member.

10. A separable fastener comprising, in combination, a socket presenting a stud-receiving aperture, a stud having an expansible and contractible head, locking means carried by said socket for locking said head in its expanded position and a part pivoted upon said stud and having a. finger movable there with for moving said locking means out of locking position.

11. A separable fastener comprisin in combination, a socket presenting a stud-receiving aperture, :1 cooperatin stud including a contractible and expansible socketengaging member for engagement with said aperture, a spring-pressed locking member for locking said socket-engaging member in said aperture, said locking member being carried by and shiftable in said socket, and an unlocking part pivotally mounted on the stud for moving said locking member out of locking position when tipped relative to the socket-engaging member.

12. A fastener comprising, in combinatioii, a socket presenting a stud'receiving aperture. a stud having a head for entrance in said aperture, attaching means for securing said stud to a flexible carrying medium, said attaching means pivoted and shiftable on said stud, locking means forming part of the fastener assembly for locking the stud and socket together and unlocking means carried by the attaching means so as to be pivoted therewith to cooperate with th locking means and shift said locking means into unlocking position when the attaching means is tipped relative to the stud.

13. A fastener comprising, in combination, a socket presenting a stud-receiving aperture, a stud having a head for entrance in said aperture, attaching means for securing said stud to a flexible carrying medium, said attaching means pivoted on and shiftable relative to said stud to permit withdrawal of said head from said aperture.

14-. A socket for a separable fastener including a casing presenting a stud-receiving aperture at one end thereof and at the other end presenting a bottom, an attaching screw having its head in .aid casing, the screw portion passing through said bottom and a plurality of projections shaved from said attaching screw and pressed against the end of said casing to hold said head firmly seated against said bottom.

15. A flush type socket for a separable fastener including a casing presenting at one end thereof a portion polygonal in crosssection, an attaching screw presenting a polygonal head for engagement with said polygonal portion of said casing and projections extending from said screw and pressed against the end of said casing to prevent axial movement of said stud relative to said casing.

16. A iiush type socket fora separable fastener including a casing presenting a portion non-circular in cross-section, an attaching screw for securing said casing to a rigid support, a. non-circular head on said attaching screw for engagement with said noncircnlar portion of said casing to prevent rotation of said casing relative to said attaching screw and a plurality of projections shaved from said screw and pressed against the inner end of said casing to hold said attaching screw axially in fixed relation to said casing.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.

FRED S. CARR. 

